Machine foe rolling axles



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

M. E. SHAY.

, SPINDLBS, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

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WITNESS:

BY m, o-CL ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. E. SHAY. MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METALARTICLES.

No. 311,924. Patented Feb. 10,1885.

WITNESSES INYENTOR 02 'M/ BY ATTORNEYS.

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(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 3.

111. E. SHAY.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTIULES- No.311,924. Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

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ATTORNEYS.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shet 4.v

M. E. SHAY.

MAOEINE EOE ROLLING AXLBS, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES- Nq.811,924. Patented Feb. 10, 1-885.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR 6f JM BY Jig/1 44 ATTORNEYS.

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MARIE n. SHAY, or FORDHAM, ASSIGNOR TO MARY A. SEITZ, or new YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES.

QPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,924, dated February10*, 1885.

Application filed January 29, 1884.

1'0 ct ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARIE E. SHAY, of Fordham, in the county of New Yorkand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Machines for Forging Cylindrical, Shaped Articles, of which theiollowi'ng is a full,-clear, and exact description.

This invention is more especially designed for forging axles, spindles,and other metal articles of cylindrical or tapering shape, either solidor hollow, and will here be described more particularly with referenceto such use.

It may also be used, however, for flat or square work.

The main object of the invention is to forge articles as above namedwithout that waste of metal which naturally attaches to dropforging, andto provide for the work being. done expeditiously and generally at asingle heat, as well as to insure a superior quality of work by givingtwist to the fiber of the metal under the process of being drawn out orforged.

The invention consists in a novel method of and means for forging metalblanks by subjecting them to the action of a rotating die and astationary or fiat die, the one of said dies being adjustable toward theother to give the necessary pressure, and the rotating die preferablyhaving oblique corrugations or grooves on its acting surface,substantially as hereinafter described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents a partly-broken plan view of a machine embodying myinvention, with its parts constructed and arranged for making axles.Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same on the line at ."vin Fig. 1, and showing an axle-blank in the course of being shaped orforged by the machine. Fig. 3 is a front end view of the machine. Fig.4.

is a vertical transverse section of the stationary die and aspring-follower used in connection therewith. Fig. 5 is a transversevertical section of the machine on the line 3 y in Fig. 2, with theaxle-blank under operation;

Tapering, and other (No model.)

part, mainly showing a modified construction of the stationary die formaking flat or square work.

Referring in the first instance to the first five figures of thedrawings, A is the bed-plate of the machine, of sufficient strength toresist any strain that may be thrown upon it, and of anysuitable shapeor pattern.

B is a housing or main frame bolted on the bed A and of a hollowconstruction, extend-. ing throughout a considerable length of the bedA. In the upper part of this frame 13 is or may be formed a chamber toreceive a loose flanged wheel or former, O, iitted to turn freely upon astud, Z), suitably carried by and secured within the frame.

D is another frame, arranged to fit within the main frame B and toproject at its base beyond it. At each end and intermediately of thelength of this frame D are formed bearings or supports 0 c c for themain shaft E of the machine to rotate in. The base of the frame D ismade inclining upwardly in a backward direction, as shown at cl (1, forthe purpose of securing to said frame an up-anddown motion withinupright corner-guides c e e c on the bed-plate, said motion beingproduced by means of a sliding wedge-plate, F, arranged to movehorizontally in a longitud-inal direction on or in ways on the bedplateA and under the inclined base of the frame D by means of a screw, S,having its bearing in the stationary main frame B, and working in orthrough a nut or screw-threaded lug. f, attached to the wedge-plate F.

Upon the horizontal main shaft E, that has its bearings, as described,in the uprights c of the rising and falling frame D, is mounted a looseflanged wheel or former, G, in the same vertical plane as the upperwheel, 0, of which it is a counterpart. These wheels 0 O are driven bythe frictional contact of the article and Fig. 6, a transverse verticalsection in under operation or portion thereof in be- OlB'ZLXlG, to forma collar, g, on thaXle-blank G. "WVhere no such or other difference indiameter of the article to be forged is required,

then these wheels, that may be of any desired configuration on theirperipheries, may be dispensed with Fast upon the main shaft E, next tothe 5 wheel where such is used, is a cylindrical spirally-grooved steelroller, H, which may be of any required lengthlanddiaineter, and.secured on said shaft E, back of the main,

frame B, is aspur-gear, I. Next tothis spurgear I, on the same shaft E,is an arm or link,

J, fitted loosely upon said shaft and projecting laterally therefrom.The outer end of this loose arm J is constructed to fit freely withinand is held in position or supported by a slot- 1 ted or hook-shapedbearing, h, on theupper end of a standard, K, mounted and securedon thebed-plate A.

Secured upon opposite ends ofa'shaft, 'earried the outer end'of the armor link J, g 2 are a'sp'ur g'ear, L, and pinion M. The pinion M engageswith the spur-gear I, and the gearwheel L with a pinion, N, fast uponaisleeve, 0, which is loose "upon the shaft E, and which has attached toit the belt-driven 2 pulley P, by which motion is communicated to themachine. Power beingfa'pplied to the pulley P "causes the pinion N onthe leose 'a'r'd K, andisfree to slide or move therein, 4o thusadmittingof the frame D being raised.

and lowered, or, in other words, having a free up and down movement,without disturbing 'or interfering with the proper engagementof theconnected gears. v Within a "recess in the main frame B, above or overthe spirally-grooved roller H of the rising and falling frarneD, issecured, by keys or otherwise, the stationary die Q, which is or may beconstructed with a lower'bac'k or lip, is, Fig. 3, that, as shown inFig. 4, ma be constructed with a series of teeth, Z, for asimilarly-toothed spring-follower, it, to work up within, and thetoothed portion Z of which 'followerforms a continuation of the back 7035 for the work under operation to rest against, and to prevent it frombeing worked out from between the statidnary dieQ and the rotatingroller-die H by the action of the latter. Theback or stop 70 is arrangedat a suitable 6o distance on the off side of the roller H from averticalline or plane passing longitudinally 'throu'ghthe center of theroller, and the springfollower R is secured at its back end to a stand-5 3 mm, Fig. 5, of themain frame B. Theforward and upper or free end ofsaid springfollower R rests upon and extends the whole length, orthereabout, of the spirally-grooved indicated by arrow .2 in Fig.5,,drawing the Furthermore, it should be observed roller H, in line withthe back of the die Q, and said follower by its elasticity willadaptitself to varying heights of the roller, the teeth Z Z of the followerand fixed die working up. or down between each other andforming abarrier or wall for the work to hold it in place.

7 Prior to entering the blankaxle-blank G, 7 5

for instance-t0 be operated on, the wedgepiate F is drawn back by thescrewS to lower the frame D, and so increase .the distance between theflat, or stationary die Q and the spirallygrooved roller or rotating dieH suf- 8c ficiently'to receive the axle-blank G between them; Saidblank, being properly heated, is

then inserted through an open guide, T, to its 1- place between saiddies, in parallel relation, or thereab out, with the axis of therotating die,

. 8 as shown in Figsg2, 3, and 5,an d the motion 5 of the'screw-Sreversed to bring the'work up to its proper position and to maintain anupward pressure on the blank. The spirally corrugated or groovedroller-die H rotatesas 9O inner end of the blank G up against the back 7of the upper "die, Q, and front end of its spring-'followerlt,thespirally-corrugated surface of the roller H acting obliquely on thefibers of the blank to give them twist as the same are extended ordrawnout, much as or in the same manner as-rifle-barrels are 'made, thusadding materially t0 the toughness ofthe blank. During this action theupward pressure of the rotating die H is continued, and the portion ofthe axle-blank under operation IOO between the dies is forged to shapeand reduced from the size represented for it by full lines, Fig, 5, tothat shown for it by dotted lines, same figure, the spring-followerRclosingwithin the back 70 of the fixed die to maintain the integrity ofthe back support or stop for "the work as the roller-die is raised, andby working with the roller the follower establishes a downward extensionof said step for the work as it is introduced to the machine. The blankG is of course rotated while being operated on by thedies, motion beinggiven to it by the corrugated roller H, and a sufficient resistancebeing thrown upon it by the fixed die Q to cause the corrugated surfaceof the roller to crush into the metal, and thereby produce at the sametime both a rotary motion of the blank and drawing action on the metal,which, by the continued upward pressure given by the up movement of therotating die, will speedily reduce the blank to any required size, andgive it a true orproper shape without unduly straining the fibers of themetal, after which the motion of the screw S is reversed to lower theframe D, whenthe forged blank may be removed and a new heated blankinserted to continue the work. i 7 During the forging. of the blank, asdescribed, the loose wheels 0 G will operate to form the collar 9 on theblank, or any number of collars may be so formed, and they may be of anydesired shape; or, as hereinbefore men IIO tioned, for plain workthey-:may bealtogether or tapering articles may be made with the samefacility and in the same manner as solid articles of like exteriorconfiguration, -it only being necessary to introduce within the hollowheated blank, when or before insertingit in the machine, a suitablearbor or mandrel.

The working-face of the roller-die may, instead of being corrugatedthroughout its length, be made smooth at its end, as shown at r, forthepurpose of giving a smooth fin ish to the work, by subjecting it to theaction of such part after it has been drawn out, or as surface of theroller.

The upand down motion of the frame D, carrying'the rotating die H, mayeither be effected automatically or by hand or by foot, as desired.Thusit mightbedone by a footlever, from which .the operator would raisehis foot whenrequired-to drop the roller-.die sufficiently to introducethe work, and afterward, as said roller rotatcstoward the operator,applying his foot to'the lever with any required 'keep it forced upagainst the blank; In the drawings, however,an automatic feed of therollerdie is shown. Thus upon the loose sleeve O is an eccentric, A, therod a of which is made to vibrate an. adjustable or slotted lever, 1),upon a rock-shaft, c, that carries an arm, d. This arm is connected byalink, c, with a rock ing T-lever,f, that has its fulcrum above at g ina slotted support, 71, and has its upper opposite side arms connected,respectively, with links i i", the one of which, i, is pivoted at itsouter end to the support h, while the other link, i is connected at itsouter end with a sliding bar, is. In this way thelever f, the fulcrum gof which is free to slide in the slot of the fixed support it, isconnected with said support and with the-sliding bar It by a doubleknucklejoint. This sliding bar carries two pawls, Z m, which engagealternately with reverse ratchet-wheels B B, of different diameters,fast on the screw S, the pawl Z en gaging with the larger ratchet-wheel,B, to give the rising or feeding motion to the rollerdie H, and the pawlm engaging with the smaller ratchet wheel, B", to give a quicker returnor back motion to the screw and corresponding drop to the frame carryingthe rollerdie.

Upon the sliding bar is another sliding bar, it, having one of its endsin gear with a 'n,=in .:the one-direction it throws the pawl m intoengagement with the ratchet-wheel B to quickly work back the screw S anddrop the rotating die H, and at the same time, by the finger 0, liftsthe pawl Z from engagement that the rotating die H will be raised to theQ-necessary height to complete the work and {afterward loweredsufficiently to introduce anotherheated blank to the machine, giving ithe operatorvan opportunity in the interval to Fattend to, .his fireand. keep severalblanks heated at the same time, and so expedite thework doneby the machine. it is being drawn-out from off the corrugatedWhen doing flat or square workinstead of rounded, as hereinbeforedescribed, the fixed dieQ-should be nade plain on its face, like {thatof an an il that,;i without any pro- ;jecting back piece or angular,extension, as

siown in Fig. 50f the drawings 'and the blank G be entered between saiddle a-nd the rotating roller H, which will be forced up to the In somecases,-=instead of the rotary die H being, moved up and down, theresistance-die Q maybe raised orlowered srelativelyto the' rotary die,or both dies may be so adjusted.

I am aware that it is not new to roll metal blanks betweensuitably-shaped rotary and fixed dies, said dies having properly-shapedconcavities or projections for imparting the desired shape to thearticle, and I do not desire to claim any such construction as of myinvention; but I am not aware that a forgingmachine has ever beenconstructed in which a spirally corrugated or grooved rotary die wasused.

The advantage of this particular form of die is,-that owing to theconstant indentation and work,jas hereinbel'ore;;descri.bed, and willfeed or pass the blank in between it and the fixed "die,

amount of pressure to raise the roller-die and flattening of the'surfaceof the barby the frictional contact of the spirally-corrugated rotarydie, a very highly-refined surface is produced, and one at the same timehavinggreat strength.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In mechanism for forging metal articles, the combination of arotatingdie, having spiral corrugations or grooves on its outer or actingsurface,with a non-rotating resistancedie and the means, substantiallyas set forth, for adjusting said rollerdie, and both being arranged foroperation upon the heated blanks as the same are passed or held betweenthe dies, essentially as described.

2. In mechanism for forging solid or hollow cylindrical articles, thecombination of a plain or fiat resistance-die, having a stop at the backend for holding the blank in its place, with a corrugated or obliquelygrooved rotary die and the means, substantially as set forth, foradjusting said roller-die, and both being arranged for operation uponthe heated blank under arrest by the stop, substantially as specified.

3. In a machine for forging cylindrical articles, solid or hollow, thecombination of the stationary resistance-die Q, having a rear stop orback extension, k, and the rotary rising and falling roller-die H,constructed with spiral or oblique corrugations on its acting surface,essentially as and for the purpose here-- in-set forth.

4. In a'machine for forging cylindrical metal articles, the combination,with the fixed resistance-die Q, having a hack projection or. stop, k,of the-spring-follower R, constructed to co-operate with said stop, andthe rotary rising and falling roller-die H, constructed withspiralcorrugations or grooves on its periphery, essentially asdescribed.

5. In amachine for forging cylindrical metal articles, the combination,with the rotating die H, of the frame D, carrying the same, the

sliding base wedge plate or device F, for raising and lowering-saidframe, and the means, substantially as described, for operating thewedge plateor device, substantially as speci- 'fied.

6. The combination of loose wheels or form ers C Q with the rising andfalling rotary die H and non-rotating resistance-die Q, essentially asand for the purpose herein set forth.

7. The combination, with the rotary forging-die H and its rising andfalling frame D, of the shaft E, the spur-wheel I thereon, the loosesleeve 0, pulley P and pinion N, the fixed open-mouthed standard K,shaft 2', pinion M, wheel L, and the loose link or arm J, connecting theshafts E and i, substantially as specified.

8. The combination of the fixed outer main frame, B, the inner risingand falling frame, D, the forging rotary die H, carried by said innerframe, and the means, substantially as described, for raising andlowering the same, essentially as specified.

9. The combination, with the rising and falling rotary die H and the;non-rotating resistance-die Q, of the means, substantially as described,for automatically raising and lowering the die H, substantially asspecified.

10. The combination, with the rotary forging die H, its rising andfalling frame D, and the main shaft E, of the sliding base wedgeplate F,the screw S, the eccentric A and rod a, the lever b, the rock-shaft c,the arm d, link e, and lever f, having a sliding fulcrum, g, the slottedsupport h, the links 2" i, the sliding bar 1;, the upper pawl, l, andlower pawl, m", provided with a finger, o, the reversing ratchet-wheelsB B on the screw S,

and the tripping-slide n, substantially as and for the purposes hereinset forth.

MARIE E. SHAY.

Witnesses: I & EDGAR TATE, ALFRED H. DAVIS.

